Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a catastrophic complication in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).AML cells, especially in the acute promyelocytic leukemia subtype, may release microparticles (MPs), tissue factor (TF), and cancer procoagulant (CP) to promote coagulopathy.Hyperfibrinolysis is also triggered via release of annexin II, t-PA, u-PA, and u-PAR.
Various inflammatory cytokines from cancer cells, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, activate endothelial cells and promote leukostasis.This Wall hangings condition may increase the ICH risk and lead to poor clinical outcomes.Here, we present a case under a unique situation with acute ICH detected prior to the diagnosis of AML.
The patient initially presented with two episodes of syncope.Rapidly progressive ICH was noted in follow-up Vac Switch Lever computed tomography (CT) scans.Therefore, we highlight that AML should be among the differential diagnoses of the etiologies of ICH.
Early diagnosis and timely intervention are very important for AML patients.